With the progress of science and technology and the development of society, people have put forward higher and higher requirements for the performance and quality of finely processed products. Product performance and quality are determined by product design, and are guaranteed by the quality of precision hardware processing, manufacturing and assembly. Its quality includes machining accuracy and surface quality. One of the indicators of the surface quality of fine mechanical parts, especially under high-speed, high-temperature, and high-pressure conditions, has a great impact on the reliability of the parts.
The machined surface is to change the size, shape and performance of the blank surface through fine processing or other methods to meet the requirements of the design drawings. However, the cylindrical surface formed by turning fine mechanical parts is not a completely ideal surface. After processing, a very thin surface layer is formed on the surface of the part, the characteristics of which are very different from those of the internal matrix. In the process of fine hardware processing, the surface is in a complex stress state of wedging, squeezing, breaking and friction during the entire cutting process, and undergoes elastoplastic deformation. Under the combined action of cutting force, cutting heat and surrounding media, the original geometric features and physical and mechanical properties of the workpiece surface have changed. Therefore, "surface quality" is used to evaluate the conformity between the geometric, physical, chemical or other engineering properties of the surface layer of the machined part and the technical requirements of the part. The main content is divided into the following aspects.
The surface quality reflects certain geometric characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer. It has a great influence on the wear resistance, fit quality, fatigue strength, corrosion resistance and contact stiffness of fine hardware processing. The service life of fine hardware processing depends to a large extent on the wear resistance of the parts. The wear resistance of parts is related to friction pair materials, working environment, lubrication conditions and surface quality of parts. When other conditions are determined, the surface quality of the part plays an important role.
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